ACTIVATED CARBON

Granular Activated Carbon constitutes an excellent filtration media, having a high density with a balanced pore-structure for more efficient absorption. One of the most common applications for Activated Carbon is the removal of the undesirable taste present in many chlorinated water supplies. This taste is the result of the formation of chlorophenols, often present in raw waters which contain phenols and were subsequently treated with chlorine. These phenols are usually the  product of industrial wastes. Even 0.1 ppm of chlorophenols can result in an undesirable taste. Activated Carbon has for many years been successful in the absorption of orthochlorophenol and the removal of free chlorine from water supplies. The end product is clean, fresh water, with no objectionable taste characteristics.

Activated Carbon requires only periodic backwashing to eliminate accumulated suspended matter and to re-grade the filter bed. Activated Carbon has an extremely high capacity for removal of taste and odor. Activated Carbon may be used in either domestic or industrial applications using pressurized filter vessels.

To obtain maximum efficiency of the activated carbon, in the absorption process, it is desirable to have the greatest possible surface area in the smallest practical volume.
This is necessary because the rate of absorption is proportional to the to the amount if surface area of a surface area of 800 square meters per gram. This results in a high efficiency and a greater system economy.

When considering Activated Carbon for taste, odor, and color removal applications, it is necessary that the influent be relatively free if iron for maximum service life. It is also necessary that the influent be free from oil and other suspended matter, as these constituents may reduce the overall efficiency of the activated
carbon.

Advantages:

• The large surface area results in an exceptionally high capacity and efficiency.
  
• Activated Carbon is an outstanding material for applications requiring taste, odor color removal from water with suspended matter present. This product can be used for filtering waters having a wife range of pH levels.
  
• Activated Carbon has a very high carbon-low ash content. Service rates of 5 gpm/sq. ft. are practical for ordinary taste, odor and color loads.
  
• Activated carbon will import a high "polish" to the filtered water
  

Physical Properties:

• Color - Black
  
• Form - Granular
  
• Mesh Size - 20 x 40
  
• Density - 33 lbs./cu. ft.
  
• Water Soluble Ash - less than 0.5%
  
• Iodine# - 800
  
• Abrasion# - 75 min.
  
• Meets American Water Works Association Standard - B604-74
  

Conditions For Operation:

1. Water to be filtered should preferably be free of oil and suspended matter
   
2. The water to be filtered should be relatively free of oil and turbidity for maximum service life in taste, odor and color removal
   

• pH - wide range
  
• Bed Depth - 26 -30 in.
  
• Backwash Rate - 8-10 gpm
  
• Backwash bed Expansion - 30-40% of bed depth
  
• Service Flow Rate - 5 gpm/sq. ft.+
  

How Activated Carbon Works

Activated Carbon Uses ADSORBSION to remove contamination.

"ad·sorp·tion Pronunciation Key (d-sôrpshn, -zôrp-)
n. The accumulation of gases, liquids, or solutes on the surface of a solid or liquid."

To use a simple analogy,

If someone give you a cream pie and you eat it, you are absorbing it.

If someone sticks a cream pie in your face you are adsorbing it.

Chlorine and organic contamination "sticks" to the surface of the carbon.

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